How one adjustment helped USA Gymnastics become a power and led to Rio gold

The seeds of the U.S. women’s gymnastics team’s dominant win in Rio were planted with one shift in 1999, when USA Gymnastics moved to a semi-centralized system.

Michael Rosenberg | Aug 9, 2016

How one adjustment helped USA Gymnastics become a power and led to Rio gold /

RIO DE JANEIRO — There was no suspense. No worrying. No need for anybody to pull a Kerri Strug and perform athletic miracles on an injured ankle. As Simone Biles, the best gymnast in the world, started her floor routine to finish the team competition on Tuesday, she could have stopped halfway through and ordered a pizza, and the Americans still would have won the gold medal.

Instead, Biles earned a 15.8 score, the highest of any gymnast on the floor, and the U.S. won the women’s gymnastics team gold by more than eight points, an astounding number.

The women’s gymnastics team is at least as dominant as America’s men’s and women’s basketball teams. And the Final Five—coach Martha Karolyi’s last Olympics team—combined Michael Phelps’s dominance with the giddiness of a child on vacation. There are no hints of jealousy or acrimony. Gabby Douglas, who won the individual all-around gold four years ago, was reduced to only one of the four events here Tuesday. But she was beaming afterward, and she said she prefers the team competition to individual ones, because she is “with my girls.”

Those girls—Douglas, Biles, Aly Raisman, Laurie Hernandez and Madison Kocian—just obliterated the rest of the field. There was a much bigger gap between the U.S. and silver medalist Russia (8.209 points) than between Russia and eighth-place Brazil (4.601).

How did this happen? How did the U.S. women’s gymnastics program become perhaps the biggest juggernaut in the Olympics?

It began in 1999, at a kitchen table in Texas.

The world championships had just wrapped up in Tianjin, China. The U.S. women had finished sixth in the team event. Bob Colarossi, the president and chief executive of USA Gymnastics, visited coaches Martha and Bela Karolyi at their house in Huntsville, Texas, and they hatched a plan.

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At the time, American girls with Olympic aspirations would search the country for a coach. Then they would move to that coach’s town and commit themselves to their dream. If they got good enough, they would make the Olympic team, then they would all try to become a team between the Olympic trials and the Olympics.

There were two problems with this. One was that the girls were often lonely and unhappy. The other was that they weren’t winning.

Together, Colarossi and the Karolyis established a semi-centralized program. The idea: Gymnasts would stay home with a local coach most of the year. And sporadically, they would visit the Karolyis and learn from them. Effectively, gymnasts were teammates before they made the team.

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“By having the more regular camps down with the Karolyis, we created more of a bonding in the USA spirit,” Colarossi said Tuesday. “As the team succeeded, they would succeed. By the nature of how it was set up, it was individualistic.”

Like so many great ideas, the semi-centralized system seems obvious in retrospect. But it wasn’t obvious at the time. And the true genius of it is that when the gymnasts see the Karolyis, they take their coaches with them.

“It’s huge, because what they’re doing is educating the coaches,” said Aimee Boorman, Biles’s coach. “I go back to my gym, and everything I’ve learned at camp with Simone, I can instill it into my program.”

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So for five days a month, the Final Five (and others who hoped to be among them) have been traveling to Huntsville with their coaches. There, the private coaches train their gymnasts, but Martha Karolyi advises the coaches on how to do it. Then the private coaches and gymnasts go home and work on everything they discussed with Karolyi.

The benefits are numerous. Private coaches are better now. Gymnasts are happier and more likely to score well, and they feel like a team year-round. Boorman says, “They’re like a family. They really are. They get excited going to camp and being there, being around each other.”

Boorman says Biles is “a freak.” This was obvious Tuesday, even to a casual observer; Biles is simply on a higher level than everybody else. So maybe she would be a star in any system. But this one suits her particularly well. She has a laid-back personality, which works well at Boorman’s gym. But she also gets to learn from Karolyi, and as Boorman says, “Martha can squeeze the last two percent out of an athlete. Something a coach can’t get out of them, she can get out of them.”

Best Photos from the 2016 Rio Olympics | Aug. 9

US-women-gymnastics-team-wins-gold-medal-at-Rio-Olympic-Games-26.jpg — Ben Stansall/AFP/Getty Images

The U.S. women's gymnastics team, which dubbed itself the Final Five, celebrates winning the gold medal.

Travis Stevens of the United States celebrates victory over Ivaylo Ivanov of Bulgaria during their 81kg bout.

Germany's Erik Pfeifer rearranges the face of Clayton Laurent Jr. of the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Michael Phelps swims toward a gold-medal finish in the 200m Butterfly.

Michael Phelps celebrates after winning the 200m Butterfly Final.

U.S. gymnasts Simone Biles and Gabrielle Douglas embrace during the team final.

Ryan Lochte of the U.S. prepares for a 4x200-meter freestyle heat.

Brazil's center Augusto Lima celebrates with teammates after defeating Spain during a Group B basketball game.

Katie Ledecky wins her second individual-event gold medal, taking the 200-meter freestyle.

Joana Palacios of Argentina competes during a 63kg Group B Weightlifting contest.

Doaa Elghobashy of Egypt celebrates during a Beach Volleyball match against Marta Menegatti and Viktoria Orsi Toth of Italy.

Germany vs. Poland in handball.

Uuganbaatar Otgonbaatar of Mongolia (left) and Mohamed Abdelaal of Egypt compete in an 81kg bout.

Doston Yokubov of Uzbekistan competes during the 69kg Group B Weightlifting contest.

Gauthier Grumier of France vs. Benjamin Steffen in an Epee Individual match.

Spain vs. South Africa in a Rugby Sevens match.

Ryan Lochte, Michael Phelps, Townley Haas and Conor Dwyer kiss their gold medals after they won the 4x200m Freestyle Relay Final.

Serghei Cechir of Moldova celebrates during the 69 kg Group B Weightlifting contest.

Mathew Abeysinghe (center) of Sri Lanka competes in a 100m Freestyle heat.

US-women-gymnastics-team-wins-gold-medal-at-Rio-Olympic-Games-4.jpg — Rebecca Blackwell/AP

Lauren Hernandez of the U.S. performs on the balance beam during the artistic gymnastics women's team final.

Men's Canoe Single competition.

Women's water polo action.

Crystal Dunn of the U.S. celebrates in the arms of Christen Press after scoring her side's first goal in a 2-2 draw with Colombia.

Together, Karolyi and the other coaches design routines that work for each gymnast.

“It’s an arduous process,” Boorman says. “‘We like this skill—put it in a routine.’ ‘We don’t like this skill, it’s not going to score well—take it out for this athlete.’ It’s obviously not cookie-cutter. All these kids are doing completely different skills because it’s what works for that athlete.”

The system has revolutionized American gymnastics. Americans sometimes think of women’s gymnastics as one of their sports, like basketball or swimming, but historically, the American women have not won as much as you might think. Mary Lou Retton won gold in Los Angels in 1984, but the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc boycotted those Games. Romania won the team gold that year. Before the semi-centralized system, the only U.S. team gold came in 1996.

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Other countries seem to guess at what will score well in competition, or they ask gymnasts to take chances on difficult maneuvers so they can score big. The U.S. team has a low-risk plan that everybody can execute.

Tuesday’s rout was so impressive that even if Biles had missed the Olympics, the U.S. might have won gold. And it was the culmination of a process that has steadily raised the level of gymnastics throughout the U.S.

In 2000, a year after the system was instituted, the Americans won the team bronze. In 2004 and 2008, they won silver. In 2012 and now 2016: gold.

Karolyi is retiring. But American gymnastics should keep rolling without her.

Published Aug 9, 2016

MICHAEL ROSENBERG

Michael Rosenberg is a senior writer for Sports Illustrated, covering any and all sports. He writes columns, profiles and investigative stories and has covered almost every major sporting event. He joined SI in 2012 after working at the Detroit Free Press for 13 years, eight of them as a columnist. Rosenberg is the author of "War As They Knew It: Woody Hayes, Bo Schembechler and America in a Time of Unrest." Several of his stories also have been published in collections of the year's best sportswriting. He is married with three children.